# Chapter I — General provisions

**Source:** [Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 — EUR-Lex](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32023R1113)

Chapter I sets out **what ToFR covers, who it binds and what its key terms mean**. It is the lens through which the rest of the regulation must be read.

* **Article 1** fixes the regulation's purpose: requiring information on payers/payees (for funds) and originators/beneficiaries (for crypto-assets) to accompany transfers, plus internal controls for restrictive measures — where at least one PSP or CASP involved is established/registered in the Union.
* **Article 2** carves out the scope. Notably for crypto: the regulation applies to crypto-asset transfers (including crypto-ATM transfers) where the originator's or beneficiary's CASP has its registered office in the Union, but **does not apply** to peer-to-peer transfers without a CASP, transfers where both ends are CASPs acting on their own behalf, and to EMT-card-style usage for goods/services.
* **Article 3** provides the definitions, importing crypto-asset, CASP, crypto-asset service and DLT directly from [MiCA](broken://pages/3uTIe4L6wFaNTfhNPUim) and adding ToFR-specific terms (originator, beneficiary, transfer of crypto-assets, self-hosted address, distributed ledger address, crypto-asset account, intermediary CASP, crypto-ATM).

## Articles in this chapter

| Article                                                                                               | Title          | One-liner                                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [Art. 1](/tofr/transfer-of-funds-regulation/chapter-i-general-provisions/article-1-subject-matter.md) | Subject matter | What ToFR regulates and the Union nexus that triggers it.                                                                            |
| [Art. 2](/tofr/transfer-of-funds-regulation/chapter-i-general-provisions/article-2-scope.md)          | Scope          | In-scope and out-of-scope transfers, including the EMT-as-crypto-asset rule and the optional EUR 1 000 domestic exemption for funds. |
| [Art. 3](/tofr/transfer-of-funds-regulation/chapter-i-general-provisions/article-3-definitions.md)    | Definitions    | 24 defined terms — including originator, beneficiary, self-hosted address and crypto-ATM.                                            |

## Cross-references

* [MiCA Art. 3 (Definitions)](broken://pages/3uTIe4L6wFaNTfhNPUim) — ToFR imports the MiCA definitions of crypto-asset, CASP, crypto-asset service and DLT.
* [MiCA Title V](broken://pages/IOUZp1tFXAYE8lDYy7Nc) — CASPs authorised under MiCA are the entities to which ToFR Chapter III applies.


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